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How to email Tim Cook, Warren Buffett, and Fortune 500 CEOs

A new software startup called Crystal offers personalized advice. Here's a look at the results for several Fortune 500 executives.

Crystal, a new email tool, uses personality data to help emailers personalize their message to the recipient’s personality. It’s not an exact science, but it provides some interesting advice. (Read more about Crystal and how it works in this story, which appears in the latest issue of Fortune.)

In honor of the Fortune 500, Crystal provided advice on emailing the CEOs of the America’s largest companies. Many of them have one thing in common: They want you to be direct. See examples of the same email, personalized eight different ways, below.

Warren Buffett, CEO of Berkshire Hathaway (No. 4 on the Fortune 500), prefers an open-ended ask, according to Crystal.

Warren Buffett Crystal profile
Illustration by Kacy Burdette; Courtesy of Crystal

Crystal suggests using bullet points with Tim Cook, CEO of Apple (No. 5 on the Fortune 500).

Tim Cook Crystal profile
Illustration by Kacy Burdette; Courtesy of Crystal

Mary Barra, CEO of General Motors (No. 6 on the Fortune 500), prefers you offer some context, according to Crystal.

Mary Barra Crystal profile
Illustration by Kacy Burdette; Courtesy of Crystal

Jeff Immelt, CEO of General Electric (No. 8 on the Fortune 500), doesn’t need specifics, according to Crystal.

Jeff Immelt Crystal profile
Illustration by Kacy Burdette; Courtesy of Crystal

Crystal advises you keep emails to one line or less for Jeff Bezos, CEO of Amazon (No. 29 on the Fortune 500).

Jeff Bezos Crystal profile
Illustration by Kacy Burdette; Courtesy of Crystal

Mark Zuckerberg, CEO of Facebook (No. 242 on the Fortune 500), wants as much information as possible, according to Crystal.

Mark Zuckerberg Crystal profile
Illustration by Kacy Burdette; Courtesy of Crystal

Richard Branson isn’t a Fortune 500 CEO, but he’s as high-profile as one. Crystal suggests an enthusiastic opening.

Richard Branson Crystal profile
Illustration by Kacy Burdette; Courtesy of Crystal

Arianna Huffington isn’t a Fortune 500 CEO, either—but she’s probably got plenty of incoming email. Crystal suggests leading with flattery.

Arianna Huffington Crystal profile
Illustration by Kacy Burdette; Courtesy of Crystal